Sunday, 8 July 2012
Saturday, 7 July 2012
What is ios?
iOS (previously iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by Apple Inc. Originally released in 2007 for the iPhone and iPod Touch, it has been extended to support other Apple devices such as the iPad and Apple TV. Unlike Microsoft's Windows CE (Windows Phone) andGoogle's Android, Apple does not license iOS for installation on non-Apple hardware. As of June 12, 2012, Apple's App Store contained more than 650,000 iOS applications, which have collectively been downloaded more than 30 billion times.[3] It had a 16% share of the smartphone operating system units sold in the last quarter of 2010, behind both Google's Android and Nokia's Symbian.[4][dated info] In May 2010, in the United States, it accounted for 59% of mobile web data consumption (including use on both the iPod Touch and the iPad).[5][dated info]
The user interface of iOS is based on the concept of direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures. Interface control elements consist of sliders, switches, and buttons. The response to user input is immediate and provides a fluid interface. Interaction with the OS includes gestures such asswipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch, all of which have specific definitions within the context of the iOS operating system and its multi-touch interface. Internal accelerometers are used by some applications to respond to shaking the device (one common result is the undo command) or rotating it in three dimensions (one common result is switching from portrait to landscape mode).
iOS is derived from OS X, with which it shares the Darwin foundation, and is therefore a Unix operating system.
In iOS, there are four abstraction layers: the Core OS layer, the Core Services layer, the Media layer, and the Cocoa Touch layer. The current version of the operating system (iOS 5.1.1) dedicates 1-1.5 GB of the device's flash memory for the system partition, using roughly 800 MB of that partition (varying by model) for iOS itself.[6]
What is Android?
Android is a Linux-based operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies.[2]
Google purchased the initial developer of the software, Android Inc., in 2005.[7] The unveiling of the Android distribution in 2007 was announced with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 86 hardware, software, and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices.[8] Google releases the Android code as open-source, under the Apache License.[9] The Android Open Source Project(AOSP) is tasked with the maintenance and further development of Android.[10]
Android has a large community of developers writing applications ("apps") that extend the functionality of the devices. Developers write primarily in a customized version of Java.[11] Apps can be downloaded from third-party sites or through online stores such as Google Play (formerly Android Market), the app store run by Google. In October 2011, there were more than 500,000 apps available for Android,[12] and the estimated number of applications downloaded from the Android Market as of December 2011 exceeded 10 billion.[13]
Android became the world’s leading smartphone platform at the end of 2010.[14] For the first quarter of 2012, Android had a 59% smartphone market share worldwide.[15] At the half of 2012, there were 400 million devices activated and 1 million activations per day.[16] Analysts point to the advantage to Android of being a multi-channel, multi-carrier OS.[17]
What is .net?
The .NET Framework (pronounced dot net) is a software framework developed by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows.It has two components.
1)Common Language Run-time(CLR)
2)Frramework Class Library(FCL)
Microsoft also produces a popular integrated development environment largely for .NET software called Visual Studio.Microsoft started the development on the .NET Framework in the late 1990s originally under the name of Next Generation Windows Services (NGWS). By late 2000 the first beta versions of .NET 1.0 were released.Now a day .net 4.0 was realeased.
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Design Features:
Security
.NET has its own security mechanism with two general features: Code Access Security (CAS), and validation and verification. Code Access Security is based on evidence that is associated with a specific assembly. Typically the evidence is the source of the assembly (whether it is installed on the local machine or has been downloaded from the intranet or Internet). Code Access Security uses evidence to determine the permissions granted to the code. Other code can demand that calling code is granted a specified permission. The demand causes the CL to perform a call stack walk: every assembly of each method in the call stack is checked for the required permission; if any assembly is not granted the permission a security exception is thrown.
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.net Architecture:
The purpose of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is to provide a language-neutral platform for application development and execution, including functions for Exception handling, Garbage Collection, security, and interoperability. By implementing the core aspects of the .NET Framework within the scope of the CL, this functionality will not be tied to a single language but will be available across the many languages supported by the framework. Microsoft's implementation of the CLI is called the Common Language Runtime, or CL.
Main article: Assembly (CLI)
The CIL code is housed in CLI assemblies. As mandated by specification, assemblies are stored in the Portable Executable (PE) format, common on the Windows platform for all DLL and EXE files. The assembly consists of one or more files, one of which must contain the manifest, which has the metadata for the assembly. The complete name of an assembly (not to be confused with the filename on disk) contains its simple text name, version number, culture, and public key token. Assemblies are considered equivalent if they share the same complete name, excluding the revision of the version number. A private key can also be used by the creator of the assembly for strong naming. The public key token identifies which public key an assembly is signed with. Only the creator of the keypair (typically the .NET developer signing the assembly) can sign assemblies that have the same strong name as a previous version assembly, since he is in possession of the private key. Strong naming is required to add assemblies to the Global Assembly Cache.
Friday, 6 July 2012
Russia unveils world's longest cable bridge
Russia unveiled the world's longest cable-stayed bridge on July 2 as it put the finishing touches on a troubled multi-billion investment aimed at revitalizing the country's distant Far East.Here’s a look at some record-breaking bridges from around the world.
Computers with deadly virus to lose web link: FBI
London, July 5 (IANS) Internet users across the world have been warned by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) that if they have the "Alureon/DNS Changer bot" virus on their computers, they will lose their internet connections July 9.
The virus "spoofs" popular websites in an attempt to steal personal information, the Daily Mail reported.
The software found its way into thousands of computers worldwide last year. It redirect users away from trusted websites, towards spoof websites in a bid to steal financial and personal information.
When the attack was noticed, the FBI routed infected machines through its server to stop the attacks.
But the servers will be taken down July 9. When this happens, computers still infected are likely to lose their internet connection without warning.
Warnings about the problem have been splashed across Facebook and Google, and the FBI has set up a special website.
The number of computers infected is more than 277,000 worldwide. The number was 360,000 in April. Of those still infected, the FBI believes that about 64,000 are in the US.
Users still infected will have to call their service providers for deleting the malware and reconnecting to the internet.
Last year, when international hackers ran an online advertising scam to take control of more than 570,000 infected computers around the world, the FBI agents realised that if they turned off the malicious servers being used to control the computers, all the victims would lose their internet service.
The FBI then installed two clean internet servers to take over instead of the malicious servers so that people would not suddenly lose internet.
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